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24HourForums.com > Supported Forums > Brian's Science & Nature Shack > How the pyramids were built... |
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cladking Original500© Member temporal wanderer
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It is my contention that there existed in prehistory an upwelling river near the edge of the desert at Giza. This flowed only during flooding season and was fed from a spot on the Nile about 40 Miles SW of Giza where there is a dead-end arm of the river today. This water flowed in some quantity and emerged with some authority. During the flooding season when the fields were flooded, this river was a great convenience to the valley farmers since it was a ready source of water to irrigate the desert and grow another crop while waiting for the river to receed and leave a new layer of rich silt. Over the centuries they learned they could pile rocks around this emerging river in order to lift it so it could flow down to a larger area of crops. It would have wanted to just flow down to the valley but a damn around it would prevent this and lift it higher to irrigate larger areas. They would quickly learn that the great weight of the water would deconstruct any haphazardly built structure. The more tightly they restrained the water the lesser its weight. From this came the knowledge to fit stones so tightly together that they were essentially air tight and water tight. They essentially invented a four sided dam that lifted water to a usable level. This may have had various appearance over the millinea but by 5000 BC or so was essentially a step pyramid and this structure represented a huge amount of wealth to the culture. As more was learned about hydraulics, masonry and the various primitive technology it was seen that this water coming from this structure could also be used to do work. Water could be let down the side in baskets to work or lift heavy objects. The idea of the Great Pyramid was born. The area was leveled and a causway built to the Nile for use as a series of locks on which they could float the first stones and the casing stone right up to the work site. A dam was constructed around the entire site to fascilitate this movement. The original pyramid remained and the water was used to fill large counterweights on the top and lift stones up the south face and up from the quarry. There were two auxiliary counterweights for the snaller pulls from the quarry and to lift men and supplies to the top of the unfinished structure. This small pre-existing pyramid rose to the very bottom of the Grand Gallery. Down its center was the route which the water took as it rose each year. The Grand Gallery was a system of 14 shaddufs which were used to complete the central chambers of the pyramid which could be used as a pump. It was this pump which lifted water to higher levels to complete the structure as well as the two other large pyramids on the site. This was probably still used as a sort of fountain after completion. Its importance as a source of water probably faded just as the subsequent pyramids did. The back pressure allowed sediment to fill the channel and choke the flow of water. Pressure would have stayed the same as year after year there was less and less water. Eventually this entire area returned to the desert but not before significant water erosion occurred to the Sphinx downhill from this area. There is also apparent very extreme erosion in the "underground chamber" which is the souce of the water. The pit in the underground chamber is full of debris and has been for hundreds of years. It is known that this entire area is limestone and has numerous natural cavities in it. The water originated at Lake Moeris to the sout west and dams were constructed to raise and maintain the level of this lake. There has been sand found in the walls of the queens chamber (lower distribution node) that is unlike sand found in this desert. Are we to believe that they imported sand to a desert to build the pyramid?
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1jester Pioneer100© Member  Pilgrim Sojourner
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OK, Clad, here we go!! Give us more details, more conjecture, more supporting ideas and references, etc. 
 Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind. This is the first and great commandment. And the second is like unto it, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself. -Matthew 22:37-39 |
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cladking Original500© Member temporal wanderer
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1jester wrote: OK, Clad, here we go!! Give us more details, more conjecture, more supporting ideas and references, etc. Most all the proof is mostly merely circumstantial. What I find attractive about this theory is that it explains virtually all the known facts and sheds light on the myriad mysteries. One of the most telling things is that the canal from the Nile river which was constructed thousands of years later to feed Lake Moeris sloped downward toward the lake. It followed natural contours which implies that the river always had flowed in this direction; into a dead end lake. Sure the lake would lose a lot of water to evaporation each year and need to be replenished but it takes a huge amount of flow for tens of thousands of years to wear a river channel. If there were flow into the lake than the implication is there was flow out of the lake. In neolithic times this was all a very marshy area with large predators and abundant wildlife. There was a large city with incredible structures as great as the pyramids on the shore and two pyramids in the lake according to Herodotus when he visited around 400BC. The bottom of this lake was below sealevel in those days and likely is still close. Limestone tends to be dissolved by acids created by decays plant and animal life. The stone fractures longitudinally between the layers where it formed in deep water. This dissolution of stone tends to follow these fault lines near the top of the water table leaving caves when the water table drops. If these caves existed it would be easy to picture them right above low water level at Lake Moeris and turning to conduits for water to leave the lake and cause a flow into the lake wearing a channel for the river and what still appears today as a dead end arm of the Nile. To my knowledge there is no other river in the world with a dead-end arm of this nature. It might also be pointed out that there are large numbers of pyramids in Eqypt and every one is on the west side of the river and south of Lake Moeris. Herootus said he was told the ancients had built a channel from the Nile. He was also told that Lake Moeris had been constructed. Perhaps the whole sourthern end of the lake had been built after control of the inlet to these caverns had been achieved and the pair of pyramids built. Water was also allowed out of the lake to sustain the flow of the river during dry times in the ancient days. Water was lifted from only the top of the river for irrigation in the valley and the water would become fetid when allowed to sit. Memphis (the ancient city at the time of pyramid construction) was on the east side of the river and would be nearly uninhabitable in very dry weather without flow in the river. They had constructed a dam across the river north of Lake Moeris which was likely to fill the lake. An interesting tidbit is that some scholars are now saying that the story of Moses parting the "Red Sea" is actually mistranslated from the original. What is fascinating is that they now believe it was actually "The Sea of Reeds". The Jewish slaves were employed at the task of building and removing the earthen dams on the ends of the canal that led to Lake Moeris. They were based at the western dam on the north side where there would also be a major garrison for protection and operation of this structure. There were also minor garrisons at the other side of the dam and at the other end of the canal. The cities down river still depended on this water even though the desert was no loger farmed and the pyramids no longer pumped. It was probably early in the year when the eastern dam was down and there was relatively little work to do on the eastern dam and there was a very high water level that the Jews made their escape. A little cut across the top of the dam would quickly destroy this structure and unleash a wall of water. They prepared their gettaway, made the cut and raced to the shallowest spot in the river to get across. Of course papyrus is made of the type of reed that grows in the shallow parts of the Nile River. So they escaped across the Sea of Reeds and their pursuers were met with a wall of water. There's lots more of course. There's the Sphinx, the Sun Boat, and the many passageways and caverns.
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cladking Original500© Member temporal wanderer
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Found something interesting. The pyramids are on the west side of the Nile valley and are sited at the heads of what appear on the satelite photos as "rivers". These are natural formation caused by flooding and/ or rain. They would make a handy natural distribution network for irrigation. Not all of these rivers has a pyramid at the head but at one in a very remote location there appears to be a pyramid in a highly degraded state. Where all the others have roads to carry sightseers, this one does not. It is in such poor condition that you could stand on it and not notice what it is. Perhaps it was taken out by a massive Nile flood and it's road went with it. It probably occurred long after it was abandoned so would have already been looted. (loot is not normally found in the pyramids and is assumed by tradition to have been in them.)
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24HourNut Administrator  Body pillows rock!
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Lovin' it 
The best human beings start good new topics and vote on the better posts. |
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librtyhead Original500© Member 
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HiYa ClAdKiNg!
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1jester Pioneer100© Member Pilgrim Sojourner
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Yeah, definitely keep it coming!!
Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind. This is the first and great commandment. And the second is like unto it, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself. -Matthew 22:37-39 |
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cladking Original500© Member temporal wanderer
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There are a lot of these "river systems" so the fact that pyramids are at the heads of them is not as conclusive as it previously seemed to me. On the Giza plateau there are the two massive pyramids and to the SW is Menkaures pyramid which was built last and is much smaller. It was also cased in red granite originally rather than limestone like the others. It's curious that the construction of the causeways was half the undertaking of the pyramid on the large structures but on this final pyramid the causeway would be much longer so would entail more effort than the pyramid itself. It would have if it were built all the way to the water as the others were. Instead it "ends" right at the quarry for the first pyramid. It would have been easy enough to fill this quarry with water to complete the canal to the water using a very short spur to the next causeway and saving more than five years work. One of the most interesting things to me right now is the fact that there are numerous natural structures in the desert that appear like what's left after a very messy cande has burned all the way down. What makes these so interesting is that a very similar thing appears to be under or around most of the pyramids. It might be sand that has pushed away by bulldozers but some appear to be mostly undisturbed from the photos. Perhaps this was sand that ran out with the water or maybe it is a geologic structure formed by water moving from this point before the pyramids were built. The mustabas do appear to have the same characteristics and tend to be more degraded. The photos show a lot of pyramids for which I can find no name or info on the net. There are dozens of these with most in small clusters. My current jokes for these is that they are really the tips of Cleopatra's needles and that the reason for the different color casing stones is so they could provide hot and cold running water.
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cladking Original500© Member temporal wanderer
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Here's a fun site; http://www.wikimapia.org/#y=29804566&x=31213124&z=16&l=0&m=s In the upper left corner is The Red Pyramid which is about half way between Gize and Lake Moeris. Check out the area about 2500' to the SE. It looks for all the world like they were drilling for pyramid. When they finally struck water they built a mustaba which was state of the art at the time. (~2900 BC) Zoom out a little and a couple miles to the NE you'll see what appears to be a deconstructed pyramid with the candle wax formations all around. I'm guessing a lot of the stone from this area was used in the red pyramid. (hot water, eh? ;))
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kidd Original500© Member  Official Forum Banjo Picker
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COOL.
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cladking Original500© Member temporal wanderer
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Interestingly there is one pyramid for which there is a call to take down for archeological reasons. It seems the "basement" is flooded anyway and no amount of pumping seems to be able to dry it up. ; I kid you not.
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cladking Original500© Member temporal wanderer
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http://www.flickr.com/photos/themba/145217302/ Here is a picture of one of these structures! If you look in the lower right hand corner you can see that the wall is nearly vertical. These must be stone and those in the satellite pictures must be carved stone. Here is a picture of the carved stone; http://www.wikimapia.org/#y=29574549&x=31225559&z=17&l=0&m=s I believe these were used to distribute water to various irrigation ditches and fields. There has never been evidence of any bodies being buried in any of the pyramids. Even the oldest accounts involve drilling holes into apparently intact pyramids with no sign that anyone had been there first and finding nothing. When the Arabs tunneled into the Great Pyramid in the 5th century they found nothing. It is said that the ancients were very religious and believed their leaders became Gods when they died and that the pyramids were built as their tombs. If this is true then why were some pyramids taken down and the stone used elsewhere? Some phaeroes built several pyramids. Why would these structures be built around the pyramids if not to distribute water? Did they anticipate satellite pictures? They could be seen only from the roofs of nearby structures. The pyramids were probably not often climbed since they were usually smooth sided and they had no windows. In the above link there are no known vantage points to see the structure pointed west. It seems more likely that the valley temples and mortuary temples connected with the pyramids also had swimming pools and water works.
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cladking Original500© Member temporal wanderer
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http://www.flickr.com/photos/themba/145217302/ Here is a picture of one of these structures! If you look in the lower right hand corner you can see that the wall is nearly vertical. These must be stone and those in the satellite pictures must be carved stone. Here is a picture of the carved stone; http://www.wikimapia.org/#y=29574549&x=31225559&z=17&l=0&m=s I believe these were used to distribute water to various irrigation ditches and fields. There has never been evidence of any bodies being buried in any of the pyramids. Even the oldest accounts involve drilling holes into apparently intact pyramids with no sign that anyone had been there first and finding nothing. When the Arabs tunneled into the Great Pyramid in the 5th century they found nothing. It is said that the ancients were very religious and believed their leaders became Gods when they died and that the pyramids were built as their tombs. If this is true then why were some pyramids taken down and the stone used elsewhere? Some phaeroes built several pyramids. Why would these structures be built around the pyramids if not to distribute water? Did they anticipate satellite pictures? They could be seen only from the roofs of nearby structures. The pyramids were probably not often climbed since they were usually smooth sided and they had no windows. In the above link there are no known vantage points to see the structure pointed west. It seems more likely that the valley temples and mortuary temples connected with the pyramids also had swimming pools and water works.
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cladking Original500© Member temporal wanderer
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There is a small wooden block that has been found all over the desert in the vicinity of the pyramids. Their exact location is of great interest to me but I've not been able to find any information on this. I'm guessing most are on the south sides. These blocks are shaped like a pie segment (~1/6 of a pie). They are about one foot across and 2" thick. The outer arc has two grooves going long ways and there is a vertical 1" hole near the tip. No one knows what these were used for. They are referred to as "proto-pulleys" because they look very much like a pulley segment. I'm beginning to suspect that they served a very similar function to the couplings on railroad cars. Each of these couplings has a couple inches of play in them. The engine would have great difficulty trying to accelerate an entire train if it had to pull each car all the way to the caboose. But with this play the cars are pulled from a stop one at a time. The primary lifting sled was used almost solely for picking stones right up the side of the uncompleted pyramid but the smaller lifting sleds were often pulling stones along level ground or up a gentle slope from the quarry. Pulling them one at a time would have been inefficient so several stones would be lashed together. As the sled filled with water, if the stones moved as a single unit they would suddenly let go as the coefficient of friction was overcome. Since friction is a larger component of the total force required than on the straight lifts this would result in excessive strain on the ropes and, more importantly, a much greater acceleration of the line of stones. I'm beginning to believe that these "proto-pulleys" were used like the couplings on a train. A complete one would have a peg through the hole in the center about 7" long. The stones were lashed together so that these devices were near the front of the stones on each side. Slings would go over the pegs to connect it to the stone in front. When they began to move these would tilt forward as the tension increased and slowly apply forward forces to each stone in order. All the ones which didn't break would be recovered for reuse at the base of the pyramid. If the peg broke it could be repaired but some would be thrown and lost. Hence no intact coupling/ cinchers are known.
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24HourNut Administrator Body pillows rock!
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More evidence, eh? Love this theory.
The best human beings start good new topics and vote on the better posts. |
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24HourForums.com > Supported Forums > Brian's Science & Nature Shack > How the pyramids were built... | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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